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Dictionary of Vexillology: E (E Cross - Emphasized)

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E CROSS
EAGLE
EAGLE CANTON FLAG
EAGLE STANDARD
EAST-WEST DIAGONAL
ECCLESIASTIC (or ECCLESIASTICAL) BANNER
ECCLESIASTIC (or ECCLESIASTICAL) FLAG
EDGING (or EDGED)
EFFICIENCY (or E) PENNANT
EGYPTIAN CROSS
ELECTORAL CAP (or BONNET)
EMBATTLED (or EMBATTLEMENT)
EMBLAZON
EMBLEM

Emblem, Military or Governmental/Departmental
Emblem, State or National

EMBOWED
EMBRACED
EMBROIDER
EMPALE
EMPHASIZED

‘E’ CROSS

See ‘two-and-a-half armed cross’.

Alternative Flag and Arms of Jabłonna, Poland (fotw)

EAGLE

1) The vexilloid carried as a main standard by ancient Roman legions - the aquila (see also ‘aquilifer’, 'signum 1)', ‘standard 4)’, 'vexillary and ‘vexilloid 2)’).
2) The name given to a French military colour whose staff displayed a finial in the form of a gilded eagle, used during the Napoleonic era and later Second Empire and based on the eagles of ancient Rome (see 1) above, ‘finial’ and also ‘colour 2)’).

Eagle Standard of a Roman Legion (about.com); Eagle of 105th Regiment of the Line 1815, France (Wikipedia)

Please note with regard to 2) that during the Napoleonic era the eagle-topped staff alone usually acted as a regimental standard whilst on campaign, with the colour itself being retained at a regimental depot.

EAGLE CANTON FLAG

The original title of the flag as detailed below - see 'eagle standard 2)'.

Typical Eagle Canton Flag c1785 (nyhistory.org)

EAGLE STANDARD

1) See 'eagle 1)' and ‘eagle 2)’).
2) A version of the US flag whose canton consisted of the great seal and largely (but not exclusively) in use as by the military from 1783–1912 – the eagle canton flag (see also ‘Betsy Ross flag’, ‘Franklin flag’, ‘great star flags’, ‘old glory’, ‘quincunx’, ‘star-spangled banner’, ‘stars and bars’ and ‘stars and stripes’).

Typical Eagle Standard c1824 (fotw)

EAST-WEST DIAGONAL

A diagonal stripe that runs from the lower hoist corner to the upper fly corner, whose corners generally touch the corners of the flag but whose width is entirely contained within the width of the flag – a reduced bend sinister - see ‘bend’ and ‘Appendix IX’ (also ‘ascending diagonal’, ‘descending diagonal’, ‘north-east diagonal’, ‘north-south diagonal’, ‘south-east diagonal’, ‘south-north diagonal’, ‘west-east diagonal’, ‘west-north diagonal’, and ‘west-south diagonal’).

The flag of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (fotw); Flag of Břidličná, Czechia (fotw)

ECCLESIASTIC (or ECCLESIASTICAL) BANNER

See ‘banner 3)’.

(artfromthesoul.com)

ECCLESIASTIC (or ECCLESIASTICAL) FLAG

See ‘Christian flag 1)’.

Flag of the Church of Scotland (Graham Bartram)

EDGING (or EDGED)

1) In vexillology a term that may be used in place of fimbriation (or fimbriated), particularly where that fimbriation does not follow the heraldic rule of tincture, and/or serves no heraldic purpose – see ‘fimbriation’ and ‘rule of tincture’.

2) In strict heraldic practice the term that should be (but rarely if ever is) used in place of fimbriation when a charge so fimbriated touches the edge of a shield, banner of arms or flag.

Flag and Arms of Darda, Croatia (fotw); Flag and Arms of Blato, Croatia (fotw)

E (or EFFICIENCY) PENNANT

1) See ‘battle efficiency pennant’.
2) In Canadian usage now obsolete, a pennant awarded for efficiency in the training of air crew during WWII.
3) In US usage now obsolete, a pennant awarded by the US Government during WWII for excellence in the production of military equipment.
4) See ‘award flag’.

Efficiency Pennant 1941 – 1945, Canada (Miles Li); E Pennants: US Navy until 1942; US Army/Navy 1942-1945 (fotw)

EGYPTIAN CROSS

See ‘ankh’.

Flag used by the Music Group X Clan (fotw)

ELECTORAL CAP (or BONNET)

The terms for a coronet (of varying design) now obsolete, that appeared above the arms of those German rulers who (until 1806) had the hereditary right to elect an emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, with a typical example being that above the Hanoverian inescutcheon on the royal standard of the UK from 1801 – 1816 (see also ‘coronet 2)’, ‘inescutcheon’ and ‘royal standard’.

Royal Standard of the UK and Electoral Standard of Hanover 1801 – 1816 (fotw); Ensign of Brandenburg late 17th Century (fotw)

EMBATTLED (or EMBATTLEMENT)

(adj) The alternative heraldic terms used when a division in the field of a banner of arms or shield, or its border, or the edge of an ordinary, is indented like a castle battlement - battled, battelly, bretessed, crenelled, embattlement or kernelled (see also ‘armorial bearings’, ‘banner of arms’, ‘coat of arms 2)’, ‘ordinary’ and ‘shield’).

Flag of Bautzen, Germany (fotw); embattled shield (CS); Flag and Arms of Radkov, Czechia (fotw); Flag of Greater Manchester, UK (fotw)

EMBLAZON

1) See ‘blazon’.

2) In strict heraldic usage, the creation of a pictorial record from a verbal or written description as referenced in 1) above.

Arms of the Dukes of Rutland, UK (Wikipedia); Arms of the 11th and 16th Earls of Derby, England (Wikipedia); Arms of the 11th Duke of Athol (Wikipedia)

EMBLEM

1) Generically, a design, whether heraldic or otherwise, that is symbolic of a country, entity or person.

2) Specifically, a design of heraldic or other symbols which is not a set of armorial bearings/coat of arms or a badge as defined herein. In a commercial context a logo is often used as an emblem (see also ‘anti-heraldry’, ‘badge’, ‘coat of arms’ ‘emblem, military and governmental/departmental’, 'emblem, state and national', 'charge', ‘flag emblem’, and ‘logo’).

Emblem of Praia, Cabo Verde (fotw); Emblem of Azerbaijan (fotw); Emblem of Bhutan (fotw); Emblem of Brunei (fotw)

Emblem, Military or Governmental/Departmental

A design of heraldic or other symbols which is not a set of armorial bearings/coat of arms or a badge as defined herein, but which is used to denote a particular branch or division of the military, or a specific department within a government structure – but see ‘badge 3)’ (also ‘camp flag’, ‘coat of arms’, ‘emblem 2)’, ‘emblem, state or national', 'charge', ‘logo’, ‘military crest’ and ‘ship’s crest’).

Navy Emblem, Morocco (fotw); Army Badge, RSA (fotw); Navy Emblem, Saudi Arabia; Air Force Emblem, Ukraine (fotw); Emblem of British Railways 1949 – 1965 (fotw) .

Emblem, State, National, Provincial or Royal

A design of heraldic or other symbols which is not a set of armorial bearings/coat of arms or a badge as defined herein, but which is used to fulfil the function of a coat of arms in a national or provincial context – see note a) below (also ‘badge’, ‘charge’, ‘coat of arms’, ‘emblem 2)’ 'emblem, military or governmental/departmental', ‘royal emblem’ and ‘seal’).

National Emblem, Mexico (fotw); National Emblem of Italy (fotw)); Royal/National Emblem, Saudi Arabia (fotw); National Emblem, South Korea (fotw); Royal/National Emblem, Thailand (fotw).

NOTES
a) National/provincial emblems often epitomise the individuality and/or spirit of the state, and can be placed on a flag to distinguish it from others, which may be similar – as, for example, those on the civil ensign of Italy and national flag of Mexico
b) The emblems of some countries such as those of Mexico or of Italy (as shown above) – whilst conforming to the definition as detailed herein – are officially described as “coats of arms”.

EMBOWED

A heraldic term for when the edge of an ordinary or a charge, an animal or of the arm of a man, or the division line on a shield, banner of arms or a flag is bent or bowed – bowed, bent or ployé – but see ‘arched’ (also ‘banner of arms’, ‘charge 1)’, ‘ordinary’, ‘pointed’ and ‘vambraced’).

Arms and Flag of Seftigen, Switzerland (Wikipedia & fotw); Arms and Flag of Velika, Croatia (fotw)

EMBRACED

An alternative heraldic term to interlaced - see ‘interlaced’.

Arms and Flag of Sveta Nedelja, Croatia (fotw)

EMBROIDER

(v) The use of needlework to create or enhance a design - employed especially on military colours and flags for indoor display (see also 'colour 2)', 'colours 2)’, ‘indoor flag’ and ‘raised detail’).

Embroidered Detail on the Flag of San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain (Klaus-Michael Schneider)

EMPALE

An alternative heraldic term to impale - see ‘impale’.

Arms and Flag of Affoltern, Switzerland

(Wikipedia & fotw)

EMPHASIZED

In heraldry see ‘garnished’.

Arms and Flag of Martijanec, Croatia (fotw)

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